Welcome to The Royal Bank of Scotland Group Annual Report and Accounts.

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Amounts in accordance with UK GAAP

Summary consolidated profit and loss account – UK GAAP 2004
£m
2003
£m
2002
£m
Net interest income 9,208 8,301 7,849
Non-interest income 13,546 10,980 9,167
Total income 22,754 19,281 17,016
Operating expenses excluding goodwill amortisation (1) 9,931 8,753 8,738
Goodwill amortisation 915 763 731
General insurance claims (net) 3,480 2,195 1,350
Profit before provisions 8,428 7,570 6,197
Provisions for bad and doubtful debts 1,428 1,461 1,286
Amounts written off fixed asset investments 83 33 59
Profit on ordinary activities before tax 6,917 6,076 4,852
Tax on profit on ordinary activities 2,155 1,888 1,582
Profit on ordinary activities after tax 4,762 4,188 3,270
Minority interests (including non-equity) 250 210 133
Preference dividends – non-equity 256 261 305
4,256 3,717 2,832
Additional Value Shares dividend – non-equity 1,463 798
Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders 4,256 2,254 2,034

Note:

(1) Includes integration expenditure of £269 million for the year ended 31 December 2004 (2003 – £229 million; 2002 – £957 million).

Summary consolidated balance sheet – UK GAAP 2004
£m
2003
£m
2002
£m
Loans and advances to banks (net of provisions) 58,260 51,891 44,296
Loans and advances to customers (net of provisions) 345,469 252,531 223,324
Debt securities and equity shares 94,171 82,249 68,928
Intangible fixed assets 17,576 13,131 12,697
Other assets 67,991 54,626 61,793
Total assets 583,467 454,428 411,038
Called up share capital 822 769 754
Share premium account 12,964 8,175 7,608
Other reserves 10,856 11,307 11,922
Profit and loss account 7,223 5,847 4,787
Shareholders’ funds 31,865 26,098 25,071
Minority interests 3,829 2,713 1,839
Subordinated liabilities 20,366 16,998 13,965
Total capital resources 56,060 45,809 40,875
Deposits by banks 99,081 67,323 54,720
Customer accounts 285,062 236,963 219,161
Debt securities in issue 58,960 41,016 33,938
Other liabilities 84,304 63,317 62,344
Total liabilities 583,467 454,428 411,038
Other financial data based upon UK GAAP 2004 2003 2002
Earnings per ordinary share – pence 138.0 76.9 70.6
Diluted earnings per ordinary share – pence (1) 136.9 76.3 69.6
Adjusted earnings per ordinary share – pence 172.5 157.2 146.3
Dividends per ordinary share – pence 58.0 50.3 43.7
Dividend payout ratio 43.2% 66.1% 62.3%
Share price per ordinary share at period end – £ 17.52 16.46 14.88
Market capitalisation at period end – £bn 55.6 48.8 43.2
Net asset value per ordinary share – £ 8.62 7.82 7.43
Return on average total assets (2) 0.82% 0.51% 0.52%
Return on average equity shareholders’ funds (3) 16.0% 9.8% 8.8%
Adjusted return on average equity shareholders’ funds (4) 20.1% 20.1% 18.3%
Average shareholders’ equity as a percentage
of average total assets 5.7% 5.9% 6.8%
Risk asset ratio – Tier 1 7.0% 7.4% 7.3%
Risk asset ratio – Total 11.7% 11.8% 11.7%
Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preference
share dividends (5)
– including interest on deposits 1.84 1.95 1.74
– excluding interest on deposits 7.09 7.08 5.20
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges only (5)
– including interest on deposits 1.90 2.04 1.83
– excluding interest on deposits 9.26 9.73 7.24

Notes:

(1) Convertible preference shares have not been included in the computation of diluted earnings per share as their effect was anti-dilutive.

(2) Return on average total assets represents profit attributable to ordinary shareholders as a percentage of average total assets.

(3) Return on average equity shareholders’ funds represents profit attributable to ordinary shareholders expressed as a percentage of average equity shareholders’ funds.

(4) Adjusted return on average equity shareholders’ funds represents profit attributable to ordinary shareholders before integration costs, goodwill amortisation and the AVS dividend, in 2003 and 2002 expressed as a percentage of average equity shareholders’ funds.

(5) For this purpose, earnings consist of income before tax and minority interests, plus fixed charges less the unremitted income of associated undertakings (share of profits less dividends received). Fixed charges consist of total interest expense, including or excluding interest on deposits and debt securities in issue, as appropriate, and the proportion of rental expense deemed representative of the interest factor (one third of total rental expenses).

Analysis of loans and advances to customers

The following table analyses loans and advances to customers before provisions by geographical area and type of customer.

UK GAAP
2004
£m
2003
£m
2002
£m
UK
Central and local government 1,866 1,217 1,521
Manufacturing 6,292 6,384 7,386
Construction 5,024 3,960 3,468
Finance 25,157 18,948 12,396
Service industries and business activities 30,850 29,290 26,022
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 2,480 2,562 2,463
Property 26,445 19,670 15,939
Individuals – home mortgages 57,529 48,117 42,101
Individuals – other 27,863 25,526 22,255
Finance leases and instalment credit 13,083 11,703 11,723
Total domestic 196,589 167,377 145,274
Overseas residents 44,053 27,168 23,657
Total UK Offices 240,642 194,545 168,931
Overseas
US 74,045 40,373 41,008
Rest of the World 35,004 21,535 17,305
Total overseas offices 109,049 61,908 58,313
Loans and advances to customers – gross 349,691 256,453 227,244
Provisions for bad and doubtful debts (4,222) (3,922) (3,920)
Loans and advances to customers – net 345,469 252,531 223,324
Fixed rate 100,729 81,918 80,326
Variable rate 248,962 174,535 146,918
Loans and advances to customers – gross 349,691 256,453 227,244

Cross border exposures

The table below sets out the Group’s cross border outstandings in excess of 0.75% of Group total assets (including acceptances), which totalled £583.8 billion at 31 December 2004 (2003 – £455.0 billion). None of these countries has experienced repayment difficulties that have required refinancing of outstanding debt.

UK GAAP
2004
£m
2003
£m
United States 28,795 14,618
Germany 14,050 15,073
France 9,604 7,524
Netherlands 8,871 6,830
Cayman Islands 7,258 6,666
Spain 5,249 3,421
Japan 4,610 4,141

Provisions for bad and doubtful debts

The following table shows the elements of provisions for bad and doubtful debts under UK GAAP.

UK GAAP
2004
£m
2003
£m
2002
£m
Provisions at the beginning of the year
Domestic 2,452 2,581 2,467
Foreign 1,477 1,346 1,186
3,929 3,927 3,653
Currency translation and other adjustments
Domestic (8) (2) (4)
Foreign (90) (60) (58)
(98) (62) (62)
Acquisitions of businesses
Domestic 2 11
Foreign 288 50 12
290 50 23
Amounts written-off
Domestic (920) (1,097) (743)
Foreign (548) (422) (293)
(1,468) (1,519) (1,036)
Recoveries of amounts written-off in previous
Domestic 88 38 37
Foreign 59 34 26
147 72 63
Charged to profit and loss account
Domestic 986 932 813
Foreign 442 529 473
1,428 1,461 1,286
Provisions at the end of the year (1)
Domestic 2,600 2,452 2,581
Foreign 1,628 1,477 1,346
4,228 3,929 3,927
Gross loans and advances to customers
Domestic 196,589 167,377 145,274
Foreign 153,102 89,076 81,970
349,691 256,453 227,244
Closing customer provisions as a % of gross loans and advances to customers (2)
Domestic 1.32% 1.46% 1.78%
Foreign 1.06% 1.65% 1.63%
1.21% 1.53% 1.72%
Customer charge against profit as a % of gross loans and advances to customers
Domestic 0.50% 0.56% 0.56%
Foreign 0.29% 0.59% 0.58%
0.41% 0.57% 0.57%

Notes:

(1) Includes closing provisions against loans and advances to banks of £6 million in 2004 (2003 – £7 million; 2002 – £7 million).

(2) Closing customer provisions exclude closing provisions against loans and advances to banks.

The following table shows additional information with respect to the provisions for bad and doubtful debts under UK GAAP.

UK GAAP
2004
£m
2003
£m
2002
£m
Loans and advances to customers (gross) 349,691 256,453 227,244
Provisions at end of year:
Specific provisions – customers 3,648 3,356 3,323
Specific provisions – banks 6 7 7
General provision 574 566 597
4,228 3,929 3,927
Customer provision at end of year as % of loans and
advances to customers at end of year:
Specific provisions 1.04% 1.31% 1.46%
General provision 0.17% 0.22% 0.26%
1.21% 1.53% 1.72%
Average loans and advances to customers (gross) 298,150 245,798 211,206
As a % of average loans and advances to customers during the year:
Total customer provisions charged to profit and loss 0.48% 0.59% 0.61%
Amounts written-off (net of recoveries) – customers 0.44% 0.59% 0.46%

Analysis of closing provisions for bad and doubtful debts

The following table analyses customer provisions for bad and doubtful debts by geographical area and type of domestic customer.

UK GAAP
2004 2003 2002
Closing
provision
£m
% of loans
to total
loans
%
Closing
provision
£m
% of loans
to total
loans
%
Closing
provision
£m
% of loans
to total
loans
%
Domestic
Central and local government 0.5 0.5 0.6
Manufacturing 127 1.8 156 2.5 205 3.2
Construction 71 1.4 56 1.5 65 1.5
Finance 54 7.2 34 7.4 71 5.5
Service industries and business activities 516 8.8 599 11.4 699 11.5
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 23 0.7 20 1.0 29 1.1
Property 64 7.6 58 7.7 40 7.0
Individuals – home mortgages 32 16.5 35 18.8 60 18.5
Individuals – other 1,318 8.0 1,003 9.9 855 9.8
Finance leases and instalment credit 122 3.7 136 4.6 208 5.2
Total domestic 2,327 56.2 2,097 65.3 2,232 63.9
Foreign 1,321 43.8 1,259 34.7 1,091 36.1
Specific provisions 3,648 100.0 3,356 100.0 3,323 100.0
General provision 574 566 597
Total provisions 4,222 3,922 3,920

Analysis of write-offs

The following table analyses amounts written-off by geographical area and type of domestic customer.

UK GAAP
2004
£m
2003
£m
2002
£m
Domestic
Manufacturing 55 99 111
Construction 12 22 18
Finance 19 54 35
Service industries and business activities 163 393 180
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 9 4 10
Property 33 6 9
Individuals – home mortgages 4 2 2
Individuals - others 535 357 333
Finance leases and instalment credit 90 160 45
Total domestic 920 1,097 743
Foreign 548 422 293
Total write-offs (1) 1,468 1,519 1,036

Note:

(1) Includes amounts written-off in respect of loans and advances to banks of £1 million in 2002.

Analysis of recoveries

The following table analyses recoveries of amounts written-off by geographical area and type of domestic customer.

UK GAAP
2004
£m
2003
£m
2002
£m
Domestic
Manufacturing 1 1
Finance 2
Service industries and business activities 1 3 1
Property 1
Individuals – home mortgages 1
Individuals – others 81 26 27
Finance leases and instalment credit 2 9 7
Total domestic 88 38 37
Foreign 59 34 26
Total recoveries 147 72 63

Risk elements in lending and potential problem loans

The Group’s loan control and review procedures do not include the classification of loans as non-accrual, accruing past due, restructured and potential problem loans, as defined by the SEC in the US. The following table shows the estimated amount of loans that would be reported using the SEC’s classifications. The figures incorporate estimates and are stated before deducting the value of security held or related provisions.

UK GAAP
2004
£m
2003
£m
2002
£m
Loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis (3):
Domestic 3,705 3,221 3,077
Foreign 1,075 1,211 1,098
Total 4,780 4,432 4,175
Accruing loans which are contractually overdue 90 days
or more as to principal or interest (4)
Domestic 646 561 363
Foreign 79 81 129
Total 725 642 492
Loans not included above which are classified as 'troubled debt restructurings' by the SEC:
Domestic 14 53 144
Foreign 10 30 60
Total 24 83 204
Total risk elements in lending 5,529 5,157 4,871
Potential problem loans (5)
Domestic 173 492 639
Foreign 107 99 544
Total potential problem loans 280 591 1,183
Closing provisions for bad and doubtful debts as a % of total risk elements in lending 76% 76% 80%
Closing provisions for bad and doubtful debts as a % of
total risk elements in lending and potential problem loans
73% 68% 65%
Risk elements in lending as a % of gross loans and advances
to customers excluding reverse repos
1.86% 2.22% 2.37%

Notes:

(1) For the analysis above, ‘Domestic’ consists of the UK domestic transactions of the Group. ‘Foreign’ comprises the Group’s transactions conducted through offices outside the UK and through those offices in the UK specifically organised to service international banking transactions.

(2) The classification of a loan as non-accrual, past due 90 days or troubled debt restructuring does not necessarily indicate that the principal of the loan is uncollectable in whole or in part. Collection depends in each case on the individual circumstances of the loan, including the adequacy of any collateral securing the loan and therefore classification of a loan as non-accrual, past due 90 days or troubled debt restructuring does not always require that a provision be made against such a loan. In accordance with the Group’s provisioning policy for bad and doubtful debts, it is considered that adequate provisions for the above risk elements in lending have been made.

(3) The Group’s UK banking subsidiary undertakings account for loans on a non-accrual basis from the point in time at which the collectability of interest is in significant doubt. Certain subsidiary undertakings of the Group, principally Citizens, generally account for loans on a non-accrual basis when interest or principal is past due 90 days.

(4) Overdrafts generally have no fixed repayment schedule and consequently are not included in this category.

(5) Loans that are current as to the payment of principal and interest but in respect of which management has serious doubts about the ability of the borrower to comply with contractual repayment terms. Substantial security is held in respect of these loans and appropriate provisions have already been made in accordance with the Group’s provisioning policy for bad and doubtful debts.

UK GAAP
2004
£m
2003
£m
2002
£m
Gross income not recognised but which would have been
recognised under the original terms of non-accrual and restructured loans
Domestic 237 237 234
Foreign 58 55 73
295 292 307
Interest on non-accrual and restructured loans included in net interest income
Domestic 58 60 47
Foreign 7 3 7
65 63 54

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